For example, the average South Korean woman was about 4-foot-7, or 142 centimeters, while the average American woman was about 5-foot-2, or 159 centimeters. As the wealth of many countries around the world has increased over the past 100 years, living conditions and access to nutrition have improved and people have gotten taller.Ī century ago, humans were quite short. Genetics determines most of how tall children will grow as adults, but environmental factors affect it too. See also this other visualization of dialup sounds, opera singers dubbed with dialup modems, and a vocal arrangement of the modem handshake. ![]() The modems are trying to find a common language and determine the weaknesses of the telephone channel originally meant for human speech. What do these sounds mean?Īs many already know, what you’re hearing is often called a handshake, the start of a telephone conversation between two modems. But despite becoming so familiar, it remained a mystery for most of us. If you ever connected to the Internet before the 2000s, you probably remember that it made a peculiar sound. Oona Räisänen created this great visualization and explanation of what’s going on when a modem is making those noises. That sound meant freedom, connection, knowledge. I heard that arrangement of noises thousands of times sitting at my desk in rural Wisconsin, trying to soak up the entire internet. There are few sounds that can transport me back to a specific time and place like the handshake of a dialup modem. Lovely turns of phrase all.īut what does it all mean? My physics is too rusty to say, but I thought one of the authors’ conjectures was particularly intriguing: “Our plot of all objects also seems to suggest that the Universe is a black hole.” Huh, cool. The “sub-Planckian unknown” and “forbidden by gravity” sections of the chart makes the “quantum uncertainty” section seem downright normal - the paper collectively calls these “unphysical regions”. Humans are represented by a mass of 70 kg and a radius of 50 cm (we assume sphericity), while whales are represented by a mass of 10^5 kg and a radius of 7 m. ![]() 2, we plot all the composite objects in the Universe: protons, atoms, life forms, asteroids, moons, planets, stars, galaxies, galaxy clusters, giant voids, and the Universe itself. The chart in question is from a piece in the most recent issue of the American Journal of Physics with the understated title of “All objects and some questions”. You just have to admire a chart that casually purports to show every single thing in the Universe in one simple 2D plot.
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